Publication

Abstract : The fascinating thermal behavior of nanofluids and their many applications in heat transfer systems have gained the curiosity of many researchers from different fields. A cellulose derivative called carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is frequently utilized due to its high viscosity. The thermophoresis and Brownian motion impact is utilized to study the three-dimensional flow of a water-based hybrid nanofluid-containing CMC as base fluid over a gap between the cone and disk. The titanium dioxide and titanium alloy are the two nanoparticles employed in this study. Additionally, the modeling takes thermal radiation into account. It is presumed that the cone–disk equipment consists of a rotating disk and a stationary cone. Using similarity transformations, the modeling equations are converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The Runge–Kutta Fehlberg fourth- fifth-order (RKF-45) technique is used to solve the reduced ODEs. The graphs are used to explore the behavior of flow profiles. The results demonstrate that at higher levels of the radiation parameter exhibits better-quality heat transmission. The velocity profile is inclined by the upsurge in the value of the Reynolds number based on the velocity of the disk. The rise in the thermophoresis parameter upsurges the thermal and concentration profile. The thermal profile rises and concentration profile declines for the growth of the Brownian motion parameter values.