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Generation of a biomimetic 3D microporous nano-fibrous scaffold on titanium surfaces for better osteointegration of orthopedic implants

Publication Type : Journal Article

Thematic Areas : Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine

Publisher : Journal of Materials Chemistry

Source : Journal of Materials Chemistry, Volume 22, Number 5, p.1904-1915 (2012)

Url : http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84855715006&partnerID=40&md5=ed6e213b9a64b41cd849bdd98df3f3e3

Keywords : 3D architectures, Adhesion, Alkaline phosphatase activity, Alkalinity, Biomimetic Materials, Biomimetics, Bone, Bone matrix, Bone regeneration, Bone-like tissue, Cell culture, Chemical cross-linking, Coated Materials, Crosslinking, Growth (materials), Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), matrix, Metallic titanium, Microporosity, Microporous, Molecules, Nanofibers, Natural polymers, Orthopedic implant, Osteogenic, Osteointegration, Phosphatases, Scaffolds, Scaffolds (biology), Stem cells, Surfaces, Three dimensional, Tissue, Titanium, Titanium surfaces

Campus : Kochi

School : Center for Nanosciences

Center : Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine Move, Nanosciences

Department : Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine

Year : 2012

Abstract : One major weakness that all orthopedic implants have in common is the limited osteointegration which results in post-implant loosening. Though biomimetic and biospecific molecules coated on materials were shown to enhance the function of cells, the 3D organization and spatial distribution of these molecules play a critical role in controlling adhesion, growth, viability, differentiation, and function of the cells. Here, we report an approach of surface scaffolding on metallic titanium (Ti) using bioactive natural polymers to enhance osteointegration and bone regeneration as an alternative to surface modification. Instead of just depositing the biomimetic molecules, we constructed a 3D scaffolding of fibrin and alginate on metallic Ti by a method involving chemical crosslinking with dopamine followed by lyophilization. The developed microporous-nanofibrous scaffold showed close resemblance to the native bone matrix in terms of the 3D architecture and was found to be firmly attached to the Ti surfaces. The effectiveness of the obtained scaffold to act as a better matrix for the attachment and proliferation of stem cells and their differentiation into osteogenic lineage was studied using human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs). The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and subsequent mineralization of the scaffolds by the differentiated osteoblasts were enhanced greatly by the immobilized scaffold on Ti, eventually leading to bone-like tissue formation over the surface within 2-3 weeks. Thus, the generation of biomimetic 3D scaffolding on Ti surface seems to be a potential approach for improving osteointegration of orthopedic implants in lieu of or in combination with surface modification. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

Cite this Research Publication : S. Soumya, Sreerekha, P. R., Dr. Deepthy Menon, Nair, S. V., and Chennazhi, K. P., “Generation of a biomimetic 3D microporous nano-fibrous scaffold on titanium surfaces for better osteointegration of orthopedic implants”, Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol. 22, pp. 1904-1915, 2012.

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