Publication

Abstract : Tissue engineering has recently gained much attention in developing artificial tissue to repair and replace defective or diseased tissue/organs. Materials, cells, and growth factors play an important role in constructing artificial tissue. Materials can be derived through synthetic as well as the natural source, which can act as an extracellular matrix for the native tissue. Natural-derived biomaterials have advantages such as naturally abundant, biocompatible, less toxic, and developed tissue that can be integrated with the human body. Alginate, chitosan, carrageenan, fucoidan, ulvan, collagen, and gelatin materials are extensively studied natural-derived biomaterials for bone tissue construction. These polymeric materials are often combined with ceramic biomaterials (hydroxyapatite) to mimic the natural function of bone. The results of the biocomposite materials show excellent cell adhesion, proliferation, gene expression, and excellent bone-forming ability with mesenchymal stem cells. Hence, these biological macromolecules can be utilized for artificial bone tissue construction when combined with ceramics biomaterials.