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A Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Formalin Levels in Fishes: Realization of a Novel Comparator Effect based on Electrolyte

Publication Type : Journal Article

Publisher : Analytica Chimica Acta

Source : Analytica Chimica Acta 1139 (2020) 50-58 (IF: 6.558)

Url : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003267020309624

Keywords : Formalin, Electrochemical Biosensor, Comparator Effect, CdS nanoparticles, Dynamic Sensitivity

Campus : Chennai

School : School of Engineering

Center : Amrita Innovation & Research

Department : Electronics and Communication

Verified : Yes

Year : 2020

Abstract : Formalin has been used as the preservative of fishes in the concentration range of 15-25 mgL-1. However, there have been a high frequency of violations in the optimum use of formalin levels. The consumption of fishes treated with excessive formalin levels leads to nasopharynx, leukaemia and sinonasal cancer and there is a huge demand for the development of formalin sensor. Conventional formalin sensors such as chromogenic and mass balance sensors fall short in real-time analysis due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity in the interference medium. In this context, it has been emphasized to develop a non-enzymatic electrochemical biosensor with microwave synthesized CdS nanoparticles as a nanointerface owing to its surface limited kinetics. NaCl of 1 mM was considered as an electrolyte solution in the present study. Dynamic sensing characteristics with varying formalin levels of 5 to 50 mgL-1 was studied in three different concentration ranges as 5- 15 mgL-1 (concentration of formalin < NaCl; conversion of formalin to formic acid), 20- 30 mgL-1 (concentration of formalin ∼ NaCl; equilibrium between the oxidative and reductive product), 35- 50 mgL-1 (concentration of formalin > NaCl; complete oxidation of formic acid to CO2). Hence, with the exhibition of such a dynamic sensitivity based on electrolyte, the developed biosensor acts as an electrochemical comparator showcasing a switch-like behaviour in detecting formalin levels. The threshold concentration of formalin required for the comparator effect was found to be 14.845 mgL-1. The developed biosensor, most essentially, exhibited a versatility in quantifying formalin levels in real-time fish samples.

Cite this Research Publication : PriyannthRamasamiSundharBaabu, Parthasarathy Srinivasan, ArockiyaJeyalathaKulandaisamy, Jeyashakila Robinson, JeyasekaranGeevaretnam, and John Bosco BalaguruRayappan, “A Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Formalin Levels in Fishes: Realization of a Novel Comparator Effect based on Electrolyte”, AnalyticaChimicaActa 1139 (2020) 50-58 (IF: 6.558). DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.09.035

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