Unit 1

Occurrence of ground water: origin – rock properties affecting ground water vertical distribution – geologic formations as aquifers – types of aquifers – aquifer parameters – ground water basins – springs – Laplace equation – potential flow lines – flow net – flownet for anisotropic soils – seepage under a dam – groundwater contours – determination of flow direction – steady unidirectional flows in aquifers – confined and unconfined – aquifer with percolation – steady radial flow towards a well – well in uniform flow – steady flow with uniform discharge – partially penetrating wells – steady flow in leaky aquifer.

Unit 2

Unsteady flow – general equation – Cartesian and polar coordinate – unsteady radial flow in to a well – confined, unconfined and leaky aquifers – multiple well system – pumping tests – non-equilibrium equation for pumping tests – Thies’ method – Jacob method – Chow’s method – characteristics well losses – step draw down test – well near aquifer boundaries – determination of boundaries from pumping test. Image wellsfor various boundary conditions – Cavity well and open well – yield tests – pumping and recuperation test.

Unit 3

1. Raghunath, H. M., “Ground Water”, New Age International, 2007.
2. Karanth, K. “Groundwater Assessment, Development and Management”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2003.