Course

Unit 1

Elementary concepts – properties – concept of gauge and absolute pressure, measurement of pressure using manometers of different types.

Hydrostatic force on solid surfaces – center of pressure – buoyancy and stability of submerged and floating bodies – metacentric height – period of oscillation.

Types of flow, definitions and explanations of unsteady, steady, non-uniform, laminar and turbulent flows, rotational and irrotational flows. Stream function, potential function. Path line, streak line and streamline – continuity equation – derivation, application of one dimensional steady flow – circulation and vorticity – Basic flow fields such as uniform flow, source, sink, doublet, vortex flow, spiral flow – superposed flows.

Unit 2

Derivation of Bernoulli’s energy equation and Euler’s equation, examples illustrating the use of energy equation. Flow meters – venturimeter, Orifice meter, nozzle, derivation of equations of discharge, pitot tubes – applications to flow measurements- notches and weirs.

Laminar flow through circular pipe – shear stress, pressure gradient, velocity profile, Hagen-poiseuille’s equation, power calculations, laminar flow between parallel plates – Couette flow and Poiseuille flow.

Flow in closed conduits – friction loss and flow calculations, turbulent flow, Reynolds number, Darcy-Weisbach equation. Use of Moody’s diagram, minor losses – pipe networks – pipes in parallel and series – equivalent length – pipe network analysis using EPANET.

Unit 3

Analysis – Rayleigh’s method – Buckingham Pi-theorem – Hydraulic Similitude – model analysis – dimensionless numbers – Model testing of partially submerged bodies – Distorted models and scale effects.

Course Objectives

1. To develop basic knowledge about properties of fluid and fluid flow.
2. To explain the hydrostatic pressure, principle of buoyancy and stability of floating
3. To explain the conservation principles of mass, momentum and energy equations in fluid flow along with their applications.
4. Exposure on the methods to estimate the flow and losses in pipe network under various
5. To explain the concepts of dimensional analysis and model testing

Course Outcome

CO1: Explain the behavior of fluids under various flow conditions

CO2: Analyze the hydrostatic forces, conditions of buoyancy and stability of various floating bodies.

CO3: Apply mass, momentum and energy equations in the measurement of fluid flow.

CO4: Solve pipe network problems by considering major and minor losses.

CO5: Calculate laminar flow characteristics through pipes and parallel plates.

CO6: Formulate dimensional analysis using various methods and apply the concept of similarities.

CO-PO Mapping

Text Book(s)

Streeter Victor L and E. Benjamin Wylie, “Fluid Mechanics”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010.

Modi P.N. and Seth S.M., “Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics including Fluid Machines”, Standard Publishers & Distributors, 2015.

Reference(s)

Cengel and Cimbala, “Fluid Mechanics”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishers, 2017.

Som S K, Gautam Biswas and Suman Chakrabarty, “Introduction to Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines”, Tata Mc-Graw Hill Education Pvt.Ltd, Third Edition.

N.N.Pillai, “Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Machines”, Universities Press, 2009.

Subramanya K., “Theory and Applications of Fluid Mechanics”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co, 1993.

2008. F. Douglas, J. M. Gasiorek and J. A. Swaffield., “Fluid Mechanics”, Pearson Education, 2008. White, Frank.M., “Fluid Mechanics”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011.
2009. A. Rossman., “EPANET 2.0 Users Manual”, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2000.