| Course Name | Principles of Pathology |
| Course Code | 24MMD302 |
| Program | B. Sc. Honors (with Research) in Molecular Medicine |
| Semester | 5 |
| Credits | 3 |
| Campus | Kochi |
This course introduces fundamental concepts related to human pathology. Students will be exposed to concepts addressing how cells and tissue respond (both, morphologically and functionally) to various external stimuli. Students will also learn about concepts in hemodynamic disorders and organ system-specific pathologies. Concepts discussed in this course will complement the topics learnt in the physiology course.
Introduction: Introduction to Pathology, Cellular adaptations to stress; Cell injury and Cell Death – Causes and mechanisms of cell injury, reversible and irreversible injury, Necrosis, Apoptosis, Types of apoptosis; Intracellular accumulations, Cellular ageing.
Hemodynamic Disorders: Edema, Hyperemia, Congestion, Hemorrhage, Hemostasis, Thrombosis, Embolism, Infarction, Shock.
Blood vessels: Hypertensive vascular wall disease, Vascular wall response to injury, Atherosclerosis, Vasculitis, Pathology of vascular intervention.
Heart: Heart failure, Congenital heart disease, Ischemic heart disease, Arrhythmias, Cardiomyopathies, Pericardial disease, Cardiac transplantation.
Hematopoietic and lymphoid systems: Red cell disorders, White cell disorders, Bleeding disorders, Disorders that affect the spleen and thymus.
Lung: Atelectasis, Acute lung injury, Obstructive lung diseases, Chronic interstitial lung disease.
Kidney: Clinical manifestation of renal diseases, glomerular diseases, diseases affecting tubules and interstitium, Cystic diseases of the kidney, Urinary outflow obstruction
The Liver, Gallbladder and Biliary Tract: Liver – Hepatic failure, Jaundice and cholestasis, Cirrhosis, Portal hypertension, Acute and chronic hepatitis, Alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Gallbladder and Biliary Tract – Disorders of the gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract.
Pancreas: Congenital anomalies, Pancreatitis.
Male and Female Urogenital Systems: Male – Cryptorchidism and testicular atrophy, Prostatitis; Female – Non-neoplastic epithelial disorders, Cervicitis, Endometriosis, Polycystic ovarian disease, Teratomas, Diseases of pregnancy, Fibrocystic changes in breast.
Endocrine system: Pituitary – Hyper and hypopituitarism; Thyroid – Hyper and hypothyroidism, Thyroiditis, Graves disease, Goiter; Parathyroid gland – Hyper and hypoparathyroidism; Endocrine pancreas – Diabetes mellitus, Insulin resistance; Adrenal gland – Hyperadrenalism, Adrenal insufficiency, Tumours of adrenal medulla, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes
Bones, Joints and Soft Tissue: Bones – Congenital disorders of bones and cartilages, Acquired diseases of bone; Joints – Arthritis; Soft tissue – Tumours of adipose tissue.
Nervous System: Disease involving peripheral and central nervous system.
Skin: Acute and chronic inflammatory dermatoses, Blistering disorders.
Course Outcomes
CO1 To understand the significance of pathology in diagnosing disease and practicing medicine
CO2 To learn about cellular level pathological changes that lead to diseases and disorders
CO3 To understand hemodynamic disorders such as edema, hyperemia, congestion, hemorrhage, hemostasis, thrombosis, embolism etc. in diseases
CO4 To learn about organ system-specific pathologies and diseases
CO5 To learn about endocrine system and diseases caused by dysfunctional endocrine glands
Program Outcomes
PO1: Bioscience Knowledge
PO2: Problem Analysis
PO3: Design/Development of Solutions
PO4: Conduct Investigations of complex problems
PO5: Modern tools usage
PO6: Bioscientist and Society
PO7: Environment and Sustainability
PO8: Ethics
PO9: Individual & Team work
PO10: Communication
PO11: Project management & Finance
PO12: Lifelong learning
3 = High Affinity, 2 = Medium Affinity, 1 = Low Affinity, – = No Affinity
Program Specific Outcomes. (PSO)
PSO 1 – Chemical and physical basis of biology
PSO 2 – Computational science in biology and medicine
PSO 3 – Biochemical and physiological complexity in biology and medicine
PSO 4 – Molecular technology in biology and medicine
PSO 5 – Cell based approaches in diagnosis and therapy
PSO 6 – Microorganisms in medicine
PSO 7 – Nanoscale entities and its significance in medicine
PSO 8 – Tissue architecture engineering in medicine
PSO 9 – Compounds as drugs and its efficacy
PSO 10 – Bioinformatics and artificial intelligence in medicine
PSO 11 –Technology in personalizing medicine
PSO 12 – Protein structural complexity in medicine
PSO 13 – Projecting science and medicine to public
|
– C O |
PSO1 |
PSO2 |
PSO3 |
PSO4 |
PSO5 |
PSO6 |
PSO7 |
PSO8 |
PSO9 |
PSO10 |
PSO11 |
PSO12 |
PSO13 |
|
CO 1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
– |
2 |
– |
3 |
|
CO 2 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
– |
2 |
– |
3 |
|
CO 3 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
– |
1 |
2 |
2 |
– |
2 |
– |
3 |
|
CO 4 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
– |
1 |
2 |
2 |
– |
2 |
– |
3 |
|
CO 5 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
– |
1 |
2 |
2 |
– |
2 |
– |
3 |
|
Internal Assessment – 50% |
||
|
Periodical 1 |
Exam |
20% |
|
Periodical 2 |
Exam |
20% |
|
Continuous Assessment |
Assignment/Test/Quiz |
10% |
|
50% |
||
|
End Semester Examination- 50% |
||
|
Theory Exam |
50% |
|
|
50% |
||
|
Total |
100% |
Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th edition, Kumar, Abbas, Fausto and Mitchell; Saunders, Publication, ISBN-13: 978-1437717815
Medical Laboratory Technology Methods and Interpretations, 6th edition, Ramnik. Sood; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers, ISBN-13: 978-8184484496.
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