Syllabus
Practical
- Preparation of standard and buffer solutions
- Detection of carbohydrates, amino acids and proteins
- Extraction and estimation of sugars
- Extraction and estimation of amino acids
- Extraction and estimation of proteins
- Estimation of acid value of fat/oil
- Estimation of peroxide value of fat/oil
- Estimation of saponification value in fats and oils
- Fatty acid composition in fat/oil by GC
- Estimation of DNA and RNA by spectroscopic methods
- Estimation of Ascorbic acid
- Separation of biomolecules by TLC and Paper chromatography
- Estimation of alpha amylase activity
- Qualitative tests for secondary plant
Unit I
Theory
Block 1: Introduction to Biochemistry
Unit I: Scope and importance of biochemistry (1 Lecture)
Biochemistry as modern science and its various divisions, Scope and importance of biochemistry in agriculture and allied sciences.
Unit II: Foundation of life (2 Lectures)
Fundamental principles governing life, supramolecular structures, significance of weak non covalent interactions in biology
Unit III: Water (3 Lectures)
Structure of water, ionization of water, acid base concept, pH and buffers, significance of structure-function relationship.
Unit IV: Physical techniques for structure determination (2 Lectures) General introduction to physical techniques for determination of structure of biopolymers.
Unit II
Block 2: Structure and Function of Biomolecules
Unit I: Biomolecules (10 Lectures)
Structure, classification, properties and function of carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
Unit II: Immunoglobulins and PR proteins (2 Lectures)
Structure, formation and different forms of immunoglobulins, PR proteins and their classification.
Unit III: Plant secondary metabolites (3 Lectures)
Structure, classification and function of plant secondary metabolites.
Unit III
Block 3: Metabolism – The Basics
Unit I: Molecules aiding metabolism (2 Lectures)
Structure and biological functions of vitamins and coenzymes, enzymes: classification and mechanism of action; regulation, factors affecting enzyme action. Hormones: animal and plants.
Unit II: Thermodynamics –principles and energetic of life (2 Lectures) Fundamentals of thermodynamic principles applicable to biological processes, Bioenergetics.
Unit IV
Block 4: Catabolism and its Regulation
Unit I: Catabolism of energy molecules (5 Lectures)
Important and basic degradative metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins and their regulation.
Unit II: ATP formation (3 Lectures)
Formation of ATP, substrate level phosphorylation, electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmotic Theory and proton motive force.
Unit V
Block 5: Fundamentals of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering
Unit I: Molecular biology processes (4 Lectures)
Overview of replication, transcription and translation.
Unit II: Recombinant DNA technology (3 Lectures)
Restriction enzymes, DNA cloning, applications of cloning, transgenics.
Aim of the course
The course is designed to provide elementary knowledge/overview of structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules and their metabolism.
