Unit 1

Classical Thin Airfoil Theory for Symmetric and Cambered Airfoils: Lift and Moment Coefficients, Center of Pressure, Predicting Zero Lift Angle of Attack, Flapped Airfoils, Effects of Thickness.

Unit 2

Finite Wing Theory: The Concept of Downwash and Induced Drag – Classical Theorems: Curved Vortex Filament, Biot-Savart Law, Helmholtz’s Vortex Theorems – Method of Analysis: Prandtl’s Classical Lifting Line Theory, Modern Numerical Lifting Line Method, Lifting Surface Theory, Modern Vortex Lattice Numerical Method.

Unit 3

Flow Physics Associated with Delta Wings: Subsonic Flow Pattern, Pressure Envelope, Leading Edge Vortex Flap (LEVF) Technology and Performance Comparison, Buffeting Phenomena and Types of Vortex Breakdown.

Objectives

• This subject deals with basic concepts pertinent to finite wings. In other words, it highlights the deficiency of classical approaches based on airfoil theory by incorporating the real effects of wing-tip vortices that causes the additional induced drag on finite wings.

Course Outcomes

• CO1: Understand thin airfoil theory and extend it to evaluate effects of thickness and flap deflection.
• CO2: Understand and apply finite wing theory to evaluate the aerodynamic coefficients and forces for high aspect ratio finite wings
• CO3: Understand flow over delta wings and LEVF technology and an introduction to buffeting.

CO – PO Mapping

Textbook(s)

• John D Anderson, “Fundamentals of Aerodynamics,” 5^th edition, McGraw Hill, 2010

Reference(s)

• E.L. Houghton and P.W. Carpenter, “Aerodynamics for Engineering Students,” 5^th edition, ButterworthHeinemann, 2003.

Evaluation Pattern