Unit 1:
Pharmacodynamics, Receptor theory and drug-receptor interactions, Mechanisms of drug action (agonists, antagonists, allosteric modulators), Signal transduction pathways and pharmacological modulation
Unit 2:
Pharmacokinetics, Drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME), Drug clearance and half-life, Pharmacokinetic models and drug dosing regimens
Unit 3:
Drug Metabolism and Pharmacogenomics, Phase I and Phase II metabolism reactions, Cytochrome P450 enzymes and drug interactions, Pharmacogenetic variability and individual drug responses
Unit 4:
Neuropharmacology, Neurotransmitter systems and synaptic transmission, Mechanisms of action of psychoactive drugs, Pharmacotherapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders
Unit 5:
Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function, Antiarrhythmic drugs and treatment of heart failure, Pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular diseases
Unit 6:
Anti-Infective Pharmacology, Antibiotics: mechanisms of action and resistance, Antiviral and antifungal agents, Treatment of microbial infections and emerging infectious diseases
Unit 7:
Oncology Pharmacology, Mechanisms of carcinogenesis and tumor growth, chemotherapeutic agents and targeted therapies, personalized medicine approaches in oncology
Unit 8:
Immunopharmacology and Inflammation, Immunomodulatory drugs and biological therapies, Anti-inflammatory agents and treatment of autoimmune diseases, Vaccines and immunization strategies

Preamble
Advanced Pharmacology is a graduate-level course designed to provide students with an in-depth understanding of pharmacological principles, mechanisms of drug action, and the therapeutic applications of drugs in various disease states. The course will cover advanced topics in pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, and pharmacogenomics. Through lectures, case studies, and discussions, students will explore the molecular basis of drug action, drug-receptor interactions, and the rational design of pharmacotherapies.

Course outcome

CO1: To understand advanced concepts in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.
CO2: To explore the molecular mechanisms of drug action and drug-receptor interactions.
CO3: To learn about drug metabolism, pharmacogenomics, and personalized medicine.
CO4: To examine the therapeutic applications of drugs in major disease areas.
CO5: To analyze case studies and research articles to understand the rational design of pharmacotherapies.
CO6: To develop critical thinking skills in evaluating the efficacy, safety, and pharmacological profiles of drugs.

Program outcome (PO)

PO1: Utilize scientific principles and methodologies to design innovative solutions for data analysis, experimentation, and product development for challenges in translational research.
PO2: Recognize the importance of environmental sustainability in translational research and strive to minimize adverse environmental impacts.
PO3: Engage in ethical conduct, leadership, active listening, constructive feedback, and interpersonal communication to facilitate productive collaborations and knowledge exchange.
PO4: Acquire fundamental and advanced knowledge and skills in project management, financial planning, and entrepreneurship relevant to translational research ventures and initiatives.
3 = High Affinity, 2 = Medium Affinity, 1 = Low Affinity, – = No Affinity

Program Specific Outcome (PSO)

PSO1: Addresses the complexity of interdisciplinary sciences in biological and medical contexts.
PSO2: Deals with regulatory affairs in medicine, covering topics such as ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks.
PSO3: Covers compounds as drugs and their efficacy, involving pharmacology and drug development.
PSO4: Explores the intersection of bioinformatics and artificial intelligence in biology and medicine.
PSO5: Deals with technology in personalizing medicine, involving precision medicine approaches.
PSO6: Focuses on communicating and disseminating science and medicine to the public, involving science communication and public outreach efforts.

Teferra Abula, Srinivasa A.Rao, Amare Mengistu, Solomomon Worku, Eshetu Legesse, Musie Aberra, Pharmacology, University of Gondar
Bobyrov, V.M., Vazhnicha, O.M., Devyatkina, T.O. and Devyatkina, N.M., 2020. Pharmacology.