Syllabus
Lab Component:
Basic SQL Commands DML- Select, insert, Delete DDL Commands-Create, Drop, Alter
Built in SQL functions- Set operations, Sub Queries-Joins-DCL – TCL- Views – Sequences – Index – Locks PL/SQL Basics – Exceptions – Cursors – Stored Functions – Triggers Programming with PL/SQL
Unit I
Introduction to Data and Database. Significance of Database Management System, Various Types of DBMS. Data Independence – The Three Levels Of Architecture – The External Level – Conceptual Level – Internal Level – Client/Server Architecture- System Structure, Instance and schema,
Unit II
Keys – CODD’s Rules, Design Issues -ER – Model –Attribute types- Weak Entity Sets – Extended ER Features –ER to Relational Mapping, Structure Of Relational Databases, Creation and Manipulation of Database using Basic SQL(DDL, DML,DCL,TCL )
Unit III
Normalization –Anomalies- Functional Dependency: Armstrong’s axioms- closure of a relation and closure of attribute– Lossless decomposition-1NF, 2NF, 3NF, Boyce – Codd Normal Form
Unit IV
The Relational Algebra — Query Processing and Optimization: Evaluation of Relational algebra expressions-Query Equivalence-Transaction Processing: ACID properties, states of a transaction- Introduction to concurrency control- Deadlock-Recovery.
Text Books / References
TEXTBOOKS:
1) Silberschatz Korth. Sudarshan: Database System Concepts – 6thEdition Mcgraw-Hill International Edition
2) Ivan Bayross: Sql- PL/SQL The Programming Language of Oracle- 4rd Edition- Bpb Publications
REFERENCE:
1) C.J. Date: An Introduction To Database Systems – Eighth Edition – PearsonEducation Asia.
2) Kevin Loney – George Koch: Oracle 9i The Complete Reference Mcgraw-Hill International Edition.
3) “Fundamentals of Database Systems” by Elmasri and Navathe.