Course

Unit I

Biomolecules 12 hrs

An overview of bio-macromolecules: carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, proteins and nucleic acids

Unit II

Chemistry of Enzymes and Hormones 12 hrs

Enzymes – Classification, nomenclature and general properties – Mechanisms of enzyme action, regulation of enzyme activity – Role of coenzymes and cofactors in enzyme activity – Factors affecting enzyme activity – Enzyme inhibition – iso-enzymes and immobilized enzymes – Clinical significance of enzyme assays.

Hormones – Classification, second messengers, and mechanism of action – Neuro-endocrine control of metabolism – Hormonal disorders – Counter regulatory hormones.

Unit III

Chemistry of Carbohydrates and Proteins and their Metabolism 12 hrs Carbohydrates, Aerobic and anaerobic degradation – Glycogenesis, Glycogenolysis, Gluconeogenesis – HMP shunt pathway -Alcoholic fermentation – Hormonal regulations of blood glucose. Proteins and amino acids – Classification, structure and physico-chemical properties – Protein degradation and metabolism – Urea cycle – Glutamine and alanine cycle – Protein biosynthesis.

Unit IV

Chemistry of Lipids and Nucleotides and their Metabolism 12 hrs Lipids, Metabolic pathways of triaclyglycerol, fatty acids, cholesterol and lipoproteins – Biosynthesis of fatty acids and ketone bodies. Nucleic acids: Classification – metabolism of nucleic acid components – Biosynthesis of nucleotides.

Unit V

Nucleic Acids 12 hrs

Chemistry and metabolism of nucleic acids: definition, components, nucleosides, nucleotides, structure of DNA and RNA, types of RNA, replication, transcription, role of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis. Basics of molecular biology and genetics, molecular basis of mutation, restriction enzymes, recombinant DNA technology, cloning of genes.

Pre-requisite: School level chemistry of biomolecules

Course Objective: To impart knowledge on the biochemistry and metabolism of macronutrients and micronutrients.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, the students will be able to

CO1: Understand the fundamental concepts of nutrition and functions of enzymes and hormones.

CO2: Gain knowledge on the chemical/biochemical properties and metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleotides.

CO3: Acquire a clear understanding on the significance of nucleic acids in protein synthesis.

Skills: To provide wide knowledge in connection to nutrition and biochemistry involved in the food components.

CO-PO Mappings

Evaluation Pattern

*CA – Can be Quizzes, Assignment, Projects, and Reports, and Seminar.

Textbooks:

1. Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism, Gropper SS, Smith, JL, and Groff JL, 7th Edition,
2. Wardlaw’s Perspectives in Nutrition, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, et , 9th Edition, 2013.
3. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry by Murray, Bender, Botham, Kennelly, Rodwell, and Well (McGraw Hill Publishers), 29th

Reference books:

1. Handbook of Food and Nutrition, M. S. Swaminathan, The Banglore printing and publishing Co. Ltd. (Bangalore press), 2004.
2. Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, W H Freeman & Co,
3. Lubert Stryer, Jeremy Berg, Biochemistry, WH Freeman, 2019.
4. Color Atlas of Biochemistry by Koolman and Thieme, 2nd edition, 2005.
5. Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism, David Bender, 4th edition, CRC Press, 2008.