Course

Unit I

Blood, Heart and Circulation 11 hrs.

Blood – Composition, functions, RBC – Structure, functions, erythropoiesis, Haemoglobin, WBC – Structure, functions, Classification.

Blood Platelets – Structure, functions, Reticulo endothelia system, Blood groups – Rh factor. Blood coagulation, spleen –Structure and functions, Lymph and Lymphatic system.

Heart and Circulation – Heart – Anatomy and physiology, Blood vessels –Structure of artery, vein, capillaries, Cardiac output, Arterial Blood pressure, clinical measurement of blood pressure, properties of cardiac muscle, origin and conduction of heart beat, cardiac cycle, Regulation of the Heart’s action.

Unit II

Respiratory and Excretory System 11 hrs.

Respiratory System – Structure of respiratory organs, Mechanics of respiration, subdivisions of lung air, Chemistry of respiration. Artificial respiration, control of respiration, oxygen saturation, pulsoximeter.

Excretory System – Structure of Excretory System. Kidney, Nephrons, Urine Formation Composition of Urine, Micturition.

Unit III

Digestive System and Musculoskeletal System 11 hrs. Digestive System – General anatomy of digestive system – Digestive in the mouth, stomach and intestines. Movements of small intestine. Role of pancreas, Liver – Structure and function.

Musculoskeletal System: General Anatomy of Muscular system- Functions of muscles, Ligaments, Tissues, Skeletal system, Bones and Joints

Unit IV

Endocrine and Reproductive system 11 hrs.

Endocrinology – Structure and functions of thyroid, pituitary, parathyroid, adrenals, islets of Langerhans of pancreas, sex glands.

Reproductive System – Anatomy of Male and Female Reproductive Organs, Physiology of Menstruation, Pregnancy and Associated Changes, Placenta, mammary Gland and Lactation- Structure, lactation and process of reproduction, fertilization, development of embryo, pregnancy and parturition.

Unit V

Nervous System and Sense Organs 11 hrs. Nervous System:

Spinal cord – Structure and functions. Ascending and descending tracts, reflex action.

Brain – Structure and functions of cerebrum, optic thalamus, midbrain, pons medulla oblongata, Hypo thalamus, cerebellum.

Autonomic nervous system, sympathetic and parasympathetic.

Special Senses.

Eye – Physiology of vision, Structure of eye, dark and light adaptation, accommodation of the eye, visual fields, common problems due to abnormalities – presbyopia, cataract, Astigmatism, Blindness.

Ear – Structure and Physiology. Nose– Structure and Physiology Tongue Structure and Physiology.

Demonstration 5 hrs

1. Bleeding time
2. Clotting time
3. Identification of tissues
4. Blood groups – identification
5. Measurement of Hemoglobin
6. Measuring Pulse Rate
7. Measuring Blood Pressure
8. Measurement of height, weight and calculation of BMI
9. Physical fitness test

Pre-requisite: Basic biology, Human body, Organs and systems, functions.

Course Objectives:

To provide keen knowledge on physiological concepts of homeostasis and control mechanisms and to study the anatomy and physiology of body systems. The course also provides practical sessions and tutorials.

Course Outcomes:

CO1: Understand the Composition and Functions of blood, heart and mechanism of circulatory system. CO2: Comprehend the structure and functions of respiratory systems and excretory system.

CO3: Understand the anatomy and physiological metabolism of the digestive and musculosketal system.

CO4: Gain the knowledge on anatomy and physiology of endocrine and reproductive systems of male and female. CO5: Gain fundamentals on structure and functions of nervous system and sense organs.

Skills: Develop skills to assess physical and clinical symptoms based on the physiological changes

CO-PO Mappings

Evaluation Pattern:

*CA – Can be Quizzes, Assignment, Projects, and Reports, and Seminar

Text Books:

1. Chatterjee C (2016), Human Physiology 11^th Edition, Medical Allied Agency, Kolkata
2. Sembulingam, (2012) Essentials of Medical Physiology, 6^th Edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
3. Sathya Narayana, Essentials of Biochemistry (2000)
4. Saratha Subramanian,Text of Human Physiology(2000).
5. Stuart Ira Fox, Human Physiology (2015)

Reference Books:

1. Best and Taylor, (2011) 13^th Edition The Physiological Basis of Medical Practice, Saunders
2. Chaudhri, (2016)7^th Edition Concise Medical Physiology, New Central Book Agency (Parentral) Ltd., Calcutta.