Unit 1

Introduction: Non-Destructive testing – Relative Merits and Limitations – NDT vs Mechanical testing. Dry technique and Wet technique – Principle – Applications – Advantages and Limitations. Dyes – Developers – Cleaners. Fluorescent penetrant test. Liquid penetrant inspection.

Radiography: X-rays and Gamma rays, Properties of X-rays relevant to NDE – Absorption of rays – scattering. Types and use of Filters – screens – Geometric factors, Film type and Processing. Characteristics of films graininess, Density, Speed, Contrast. Characteristic curves. Characteristics of Gamma rays – fluoroscopy – X-ray – Radiography. Safety with X-rays and Gamma rays.

Unit 2

Ultrasonic Testing: Types of Ultrasonic Waves – Principles of wave propagation – Characteristics of ultrasonic waves – Attenuation. Production of ultrasonic waves – Couplants. Inspection methods – pulse echo, Transmission and Resonance techniques. Thickness measurement. Types of scanning. Test block – Reference blocks.

Unit 3

• Cartz L. – ‘Non-Destructive testing’ – ASM International, Metals Park Ohio, US – 1995
• Raj B., Jayakumar T., and Thavasimuthu M. – ‘Practical Non-Destructive Testing’ – Narosa, New Delhi – 1997