Unit 1

Instruction Level Parallelism: ILP – Concepts and challenges – Hardware and software approaches – Dynamic scheduling – Speculation – Compiler techniques for exposing ILP– Branch prediction. VLIW & EPIC – Advanced compiler support – Hardware support for exposing parallelism – Hardware versus software speculation mechanisms – IA 64and Itanium processors – Limits on ILP, Data-Level Parallelism in Vector, SIMD, and GPU Architectures: Introduction – vector architecture – working – performance – SIMD Instruction Set Extensions for Multimedia – Graphics Processing units – GPGPU.

Unit 2

Multiprocessors and Thread level Parallelism: Symmetric and distributed shared memory architectures – Performance issues – Synchronization – Models of memory consistency – Introduction to Multithreading Memory and I/O: Cache performance – Reducing cache miss penalty and miss rate – Reducing hit time – Main memory and performance – Memory technology. Types of storage devices – Buses – RAID – Reliability, availability and dependability – I/O performance measures – Designing an I/O system.

Unit 3

• David E. Culler and Jaswinder Pal Singh, “Parallel computing architecture: A hardware / software approach”, Morgan Kaufmann, Elsevier Publishers, 1999.
• Kai Hwang and Zhi.Wei Xu, “Scalable Parallel Computing”, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 2003.