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Biodegradable composite scaffolds incorporating an intramedullary rod and delivering bone morphogenetic protein-2 for stabilization and bone regeneration in segmental long bone defects

Publication Type : Journal Article

Thematic Areas : Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine

Publisher : Acta Biomaterialia

Source : Acta Biomaterialia, Volume 7, Number 10, p.3627 - 3637 (2011)

Url : http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1742706111002893

Keywords : Composite scaffold

Campus : Kochi

School : Center for Nanosciences

Center : Amrita Center for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine Move, Nanosciences

Department : Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine

Year : 2011

Abstract : In this study, a two-part bone tissue engineering scaffold was investigated. The scaffold consists of a solid poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) intramedullary rod for mechanical support surrounded by a porous PPF sleeve for osseointegration and delivery of poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres with adsorbed recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Scaffolds were implanted into critical size rat segmental femoral defects with internal fixation for 12weeks. Bone formation was assessed throughout the study via radiography, and following euthanasia, via microcomputed tomography and histology. Mechanical stabilization was evaluated further via torsional testing. Experimental implant groups included the PPF rod alone and the rod with a porous PPF sleeve containing PLGA microspheres with 0, 2 or 8μg of rhBMP-2 adsorbed onto their surface. Results showed that presence of the scaffold increased mechanical stabilization of the defect, as evidenced by the increased torsional stiffness of the femurs by the presence of a rod compared to the empty defect. Although the presence of a rod decreased bone formation, the presence of a sleeve combined with a low or high dose of rhBMP-2 increased the torsional stiffness to 2.06±0.63 and 1.68±0.56N·mm, respectively, from 0.56±0.24N·mm for the rod alone. The results indicate that, while scaffolds may provide structural support to regenerating tissues and increase their mechanical properties, the presence of scaffolds within defects may hinder overall bone formation if they interfere with cellular processes.

Cite this Research Publication : A. M. Henslee, Spicer, P. P., Yoon, D. M., Dr. Manitha B. Nair, Meretoja, V. V., Witherel, K. E., Jansen, J. A., Mikos, A. G., and Kasper, F. K., “Biodegradable composite scaffolds incorporating an intramedullary rod and delivering bone morphogenetic protein-2 for stabilization and bone regeneration in segmental long bone defects”, Acta Biomaterialia, vol. 7, pp. 3627 - 3637, 2011.

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